The hypersonic regime has since become the subject for further study during the 21st century, and strategic competition between the United States, India, Russia, and China. The Boeing X-51 Waverider flew on scramjet for 210 seconds in 2013, finally reaching Mach 5.1 on its fourth flight test. The NASA X-43A flew on scramjet for 10 seconds, and then glided for 10 minutes on its last flight in 2004. The reentry problem of a space vehicle was extensively studied. On 3 October 1967, in California, an X-15 reached Mach 6.7. In November 1961, Air Force Major Robert White flew the X-15 research plane at speeds over Mach 6. Soon after, in May 1961, Alan Shepard became the first American and second person to fly hypersonic when his capsule reentered the atmosphere at a speed above Mach 5 at the end of his suborbital flight over the Atlantic Ocean. In April 1961, Russian Major Yuri Gagarin became the first human to travel at hypersonic speed, during the world's first piloted orbital flight. The vehicle, however, burned on atmospheric re-entry, and only charred remnants were found. In February 1949, at White Sands, the rocket reached a speed of 8,290 km/h (5,150 mph), or about Mach 6.7. The first manufactured object to achieve hypersonic flight was the two-stage Bumper rocket, consisting of a WAC Corporal second stage set on top of a V-2 first stage.
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